Hot flashes, also known as hot flushes, are sudden feelings of warmth that spread across the body and face. They result from hormone changes that occur during perimenopause and menopause.

What causes hot flashes?

Hot flashes are primarily caused by decreasing levels of the female hormone estrogen during perimenopause and menopause. As estrogen levels decline, the brain's thermostat becomes less accurate, causing body temperatures to unpredictably rise and fall. Things that can trigger hot flashes include:

  • Stress
  • Spicy foods
  • Warm environments
  • Caffeine
  • Alcohol
  • Smoking cigarettes

What do hot flashes feel like?

The feeling associated with a hot flash can range from a flush to an intense heat that spreads quickly from the face and chest to the rest of the body. Hot flashes can also cause:

  • Sweating
  • Chills
  • Clamminess
  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Anxiety
  • Red blotchiness on the skin

A hot flash can last from 30 seconds to several minutes. The frequency ranges from a few times a week to multiple times a day.

How are hot flashes treated?

Lifestyle changes may help ease hot flashes:

  • Wear lightweight, breathable clothing
  • Carry a portable fan
  • Avoid triggers like stress, caffeine, and alcohol
  • Exercise regularly
  • Practice relaxation techniques

If lifestyle changes don't help, the following medical treatments may relieve symptoms:

  • Low-dose birth control pills
  • Antidepressants
  • Blood pressure medications
  • Estrogen therapy (ET)
  • Vaginal estrogen

See your doctor at Rebalance Clinic if hot flashes interfere with daily life. They can help determine if medication or hormone therapy could help manage your symptoms.

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